Women presenting with a breast lump during pregnancy should be referred to a breast specialist team and any imaging or further tests should be conducted within the breast multidisciplinary team.

• Ultrasound is used first to assess a discrete lump.
• But if cancer is confirmed, mammography is necessary (with fetal shielding) to assess the extent of disease and the contralateral breast.
• Tissue diagnosis is with ultrasound-guided biopsy for histology rather than cytology, as proliferative change during pregnancy renders cytology inconclusive in many women

Right !

Correct!

The odds ratio for each type of instrumental delivery are as follows-

1. Ventouse delivery with episiotomy (OR 0.57)

2. Ventouse delivery without episiotomy (OR 1.89)

3. Forceps delivery with episiotomy (OR 1.34)

4. Forceps delivery without episiotomy (OR 6.53) 

Undertake a urine dipstick test in all women presenting with urinary
incontinence to detect the presence of blood, glucose, protein, leucocytes and nitrites in the urine.

2. If there are symptoms of UTI- And
a. Urine is positive for BOTH Nitrite and Leucocytes- Send Midstream urine ( MSU) for culture and sensitivity. PRESCRIBE antibiotic, pending urine culture.
b. Urine dipstick in negative for EITHER leucocytes or nitrites, send a midstream urine specimen for culture and analysis of antibiotic sensitivities. CONSIDER the prescription of antibiotics.

2. If there are NO SYMPTOMS OF UTI
a. And Urine tests negative for either leucocytes or nitrites- DO NOT send urine culture.
b. But-urine tests positive for both leucocytes and nitrites, SEND Urine for culture and sensitivity- do not offer antibiotics without the results of midstream urine culture.

Reconstruction should be delayed to avoid prolonged anaesthesia and to allow optimal symmetrisation of the breasts after delivery.

Right. According to NICE- Use oxytocin as it is associated with
fewer side effects than oxytocin plus ergometrine